Combat

Combat Stages

Stage	Notes
Detection	Requires planes or high detection stat. Success increases accuracy and evasion. Failure prevents participation of allied planes in the aerial combat phase.
Aerial Combat	Requires any type of plane equipped as equipment on either side. Aerial Combat effect explained below.
Supporting Fire	Sortie support expedition.
Opening Torpedo Salvo	Requires torpedo cruisers, seaplane tenders or submarines equipped with midget subs (甲標的 甲 Type A Kou-hyouteki). Submarines with level 10 or higher can shoot the opening torpedo by themselves without having to equip a midget submarine.
Shelling, 1st Round (Range Order)	Any carrier using bombers to attack during this phase must not have taken more than light damage in order to participate in the phase, with the exception of Armored Carriers (e.g. Taihou) who must not have taken more than medium damage.
Shelling, 2nd Round (Lineup Order)	Only occurs when either side has a battleship or if the enemy contains one of the special ship classes: 鬼 (Oni/Ogress), 姫 (Hime/Princess), 戦鬼 (Senki/Battle Ogress), or 戦姫 (Senki/Battle Princess).
Torpedo Salvo	Must not have taken more than light damage to participate.
Night Combat	Attacks occur in lineup order from top to bottom, alternating between sides. Must not have taken more than moderate damage to participate.

Effects of Ship Damage

Amount of damage on a ship will affect its performance.

No damage	No effect on performance.
Minor damage (小破)	No effect on performance. +10% cut-in chance in night battle.
Moderate damage (中破)	Attack power -30%. Unable to participate in shelling phase (CV/CVL, Taihou excluded) and torpedo salvo phase. +20% cut-in chance in night battle.
Heavy damage (大破)	Attack power -60%. Unable to participate in shelling phase (CV/CVL) and torpedo salvo phase. Unable to participate in night battle. Unable to activate searchlight in night battle when ship HP is lower than 2.

Aerial Combat

Aerial Combat Stages

Stage	Notes
Fighter Combat	Battle for air supremacy by fighter planes
Anti-bomber Combat	Number of bombers shot down by fighters is affected by the result of the previous phase
Fleet Anti-air Defense	Fleet defends against enemy bombers
Bombing	See Damage Calculation for details

Fighter Combat

[math]\displaystyle{ \text {Fighter Power} = \sum^\text{All slots} \text{Floor(} \sqrt{\text{Number fighters in slot}} \times \text {Plane anti-air bonus} \text{)} }[/math]

Fighter planes, fighter-bombers, and Zuiun participate in Fighter Combat.

The allied fleet and enemy fleet's Fighter Powers are compared to determine the result of Fighter Combat:

Fighter Power	Result	Text Display	Notes
FP ≥ 3*EFP	Air Supremacy	制空権確保! Seikuuken Kakuho!	Few allied planes shot down.
3*EFP > FP ≥ 1.5*EFP	Air Superiority	航空優勢! Koukuu Yuusei!	Some planes lost.
1.5*EFP > FP ≥ 2/3*EFP	Air Parity	No text displayed	About equal losses on both sides.
2/3*EFP > FP ≥ 1/3*EFP	Air Incapability	制空権喪失! Seikuuken Soushitsu!	Many planes lost.
FP ≤ 1/3*EFP	Air Denial	制空権喪失! Seikuuken Soushitsu!

• EFP: Enemy Fighter Power, FP: Fighter Power. Abbreviated to save space.
• This calculation does not take into account any anti-air weaponry equipped on ships. Carrier anti-air stat is also not considered.
• Even if allied planes secure air supremacy, planes can still be lost due to the subsequent anti-air defense stages.
• If enemy has no fighters, it'll always show "Air Supremacy" if you have airplanes on your side. Likewise, when the enemy has fighters while you don't, "Air Denial" will be shown.

Enemy Ship Fighter Power

Enemy Ship Type	Fighter Power	Enemy Ship Type	Fighter Power
Light Carrier Nu-Class	8	Armored Carrier Demon	44
Light Carrier Nu-Class Elite	24	Armored Carrier Princess	48
Light Carrier Nu-Class Flagship	23	Floating Fortress	27
Standard Carrier Wo-Class	10	Southern War Demon	41
Standard Carrier Wo-Class Elite	27	Southern War Princess	47
Standard Carrier Wo-Class Flagship	28	Standard Carrier Wo-Class Flagship Kai	102
Battleship Re-Class	94
Battleship Re-Class Elite	107

Fleet Anti-air Defense

Each enemy bomber slot is assigned at random to a defending ship.  Those ships then, for each assigned enemy slot, have an approximately 50% chance to shoot down enemy planes.  The number of planes shot down is given by the equations below:

[math]\displaystyle{ \text{Planes Shot Down} = \text{Floor((Ship AA } + \text{Floor(Fleet Anti-air Bonus} \times \text{Formation Modifier))} \times 0.2125\text{)} }[/math] [math]\displaystyle{ \text{Fleet Anti-air Bonus} = \text{Floor(} \sum^\text{All slots}\text{Equipment AA Bonus} \times \text{Equipment Modifier)} }[/math]

Formation Modifiers

Formation	Modifier
Line Ahead, Line Abreast, Echelon	1.0
Double Line	1.2
Diamond	1.6

Equipment Modifiers

Equipment Type	Modifier
46cm Triple Gun Mount	0.25
High-angle Cannons	0.35
AA Radars	0.40
Type 3 Shell	0.60
All other equipment	0.20

• Any equipment that gives an anti-air bonus will contribute to shooting down enemy planes.
• The forward sliding and machine gun animations seem to have no correlation with the calculations.
• These calculations only apply for the allied fleet's anti-air defense.

Damage Calculation

Main Formula

Damage =	Basic Attack Power x Pre-Cap Modifiers	x	Critical Modifier	-	Enemy Armor	x	Random Number (between 2/3 ~ 4/3)
	x
	Remaining Ammo Modifier
Notes: If the result is less than 1 or very low, it becomes scratch damage, which does a maximum of about 10% of current target HP (needs verification). If [Basic attack power x Pre-cap modifiers] exceeds a certain cap, it will be modifed -- see below This formula is under constant review and updated accordingly if there any inconsistencies or mistakes happens.

Basic Attack Power

Type	Basic Attack Power	Notes
Aerial Combat	Attack Type Modifier (see below) × [(Aircraft's divebomb or torp stat) × √(number of planes) + 25]	Number of planes is post anti-bomber combat and fleet anti-air defense
Shelling (except Carriers)	Firepower + 5
Shelling (Carrier only)	(Firepower + Torpedo) × 1.5 + Dive Bomber Stat × 2 + 55
Torpedo/Preemptive Torpedo	Torpedo + 5
Anti-sub warfare	(Original ASW / 5, rounded down) + Equipment ASW × 2 + 10 or 25	10 for CVL/BBV/CAV; 25 for others
Night Battle	Firepower + Torpedo	Each may add a maximum of 150.

Attack Type Modifier (Plane Scaling)

Type	Attack Type Modifier	Notes
Dive Bombers, Seaplane Bombers	1	This value is fixed, regardless the situation.
Torpedo Fighters	0.8 or 1.5	About 50% chance of either modifier.

Formation Modifier (Pre-Cap Modifier)

Formation	Formation Icon	Firepower Modifier	Anti-sub Modifier	Anti-air Modifier	Shelling Hit Rate	Torpedo Hit Rate	Flagship Protection Rate
Line Ahead 単縦陣 (Tanjuu-jin, 単縦陣?)		100%	45%	100%	Medium	High	Low
Double Line 複縦陣 (Fukujuu-jin, 複縦陣?)		80%	60%	120%	High	Medium	Medium
Diamond 輪形陣 (Rinkei-jin, 輪形陣?)		70%	90%	160%	Medium	Very Low	High
Echelon 梯形陣 (Teikei-jin, 梯形陣?)		60%	75%	100%	Medium	Low	Medium
Line Abreast 単横陣 (Tan'ou-jin, 単横陣?)		60%	100%	100%	High	Very Low	Medium

• Flagship protection is the situation where a non-flagship ship protects the flagship from being damaged by receiving the attack.
• Line Ahead is the best offensive formation for surface combat.

• Diamond formation is the best formation for aircraft carrier combat; Lowest chance of having flagship being hit according to the dev.

• Line Abreast is the best formation for anti-sub purpose(ASW).

Engagement Form Modifer (Pre-Cap Modifier)

Form	Damage Modifier	Chance (Without Saiun)
Parallel Engagement 同航戦 (Doukousen, 同航戦?)	100%	45%
Head-on Engagement 反航戦 (Hankousen, 反航戦?)	80%	30%
Crossing the T (Advantage) T字戦有利 (T Ji-sen Yuuri, T字戦有利?)	120%	15%
Crossing the T (Disadvantage) T字戦不利 (T Ji-sen Furi, T字戦不利?)	60%	10%

• Night battle and air combat are not affected by engagement form.
• The engagement form attack modifier affects both your fleet and the enemy fleet.
  • This also applied for the Crossing the T (both Advantage or Disadvantage) modifier. It may be a bug or a design flaw.
• Crossing the T (Disadvantage) can be avoided by equipping a 彩雲 (Saiun, 彩雲^?) (Carrier-based recon plane).
  • Using Saiun effectively makes what would have been Crossing the T (Disadvantage) become Head-on Engagement.
  • There is still a very small chance of getting Crossing the T (Disadvantage) with Saiun equipped.

Engagement Forms

Parallel Engagement

The course of the player's fleet and the enemy fleet are the same.

Fleet A	→	→	→	→	→	→
Fleet B	→	→	→	→	→	→

Head-on Engagement

The course of the player's fleet and the enemy fleet are opposite each other.

Fleet A	→	→	→	→	→	→
Fleet B	←	←	←	←	←	←

Crossing the T

The course of the player's fleet and the enemy fleet are perpendicular to each other (that's 90 degrees, which results in a T figure).  A fleet is in disadvantage if it is coming from「｜」direction, and is in advantage it is is coming from「―」direction.

(Historically, the point of this was for the「―」fleet to bring as many guns to bear on the enemy while limiting the firepower of the enemy that can only use guns mounted forward.)

→

→

→

→

→

→

OR

←

←

←

←

←

←

↑

↑

↑

↑

↑

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Observation-enabled Shelling

• When the following conditions are all met, Observation-enabled Shelling (弾着観測射撃) can occur.
  • Air superiority or air supremacy
  • High total fleet LoS (索敵)
  • The ship is a BB, BBV, CA or CAV equipped with at least 1 seaplane

• It seems air supremacy gives a higher rate of triggering the special attack than air superiority. 
• Also refered as Artillery Firing Correction (弾着修正射撃)

Attack types:

Single Attack

• A ship will only do a single attack if
  • only 1 artillery weapon equipped. (Eg. 20.3cm, 61cm torpedo)
  • no main artillery weapon equipped. (Eg. 15cm, 15cm)
  • equipped with 3 different main artillery weapons. (Eg. 46cm, 41cm, 35.6cm)
• Damage: 100%(?)

Double Attack

• A ship will do a double attack if
  •  2 or more same main artillery weapons equipped. (Eg. 46cm, 46cm)
  •  2 different main artillery weapons equipped. (Eg. 46cm, 41cm)
• Damage: (??) % x 2 
  

  Cut-in Type Artillery Observation attack with 2 Main & Type 91 AP Shell.

Cut-in Attack

• A ship will do a cut-in attack if
  • equipped with main artillery and secondary artillery. (Eg. 46cm, 15cm)
  • equipped with 2 main artilleries + 1 Type 91 Armor-Piercing (AP) Shell.
• Damage: (??) %
  File:KanColle-140425-17422431.png

  Cut-in attack with 1Main 1Sec & Type 91 AP shell

Notes:

• Type 91 Armor-Piercing (AP) Shell is considered an artillery weapon.
• Having only 1 Main gun + Type 91 Armor-Piercing (AP) Shell will however result in a single attack.
• Radars, Type 3 Shell, torpedoes and machine guns are not considered as artillery weapons.

Full List

Equipment				Type
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Double Attack
				Cut-in
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Double Attack
				Cut-in
				Cut-in
				Double Attack
				Single Attack
				Cut-in
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Cut-in

Night Combat

An example of a cut-in

• Night battle damage depends on both the Firepower and Torpedo stats for attack power. Consequently, DDs, CLs, CLTs and CAs have drastically increased strength at night.
• Any vessel at night must not have taken more than moderate (orange) damage before attacking in order to participate in night battle.
• Main Gun = Red guns or 10cm Twin High-angle Mount
• Secondary (Sub) Gun = Yellow guns / 12.7cm Twin High-angle Gun / 8cm Twin High-angle Gun / 10cm Twin High-angle Mount (Improved).
• Auxiliary equipment (e.g radar, sonar/depth charge, searchlight, turbine, special ammunition, pure AA equipment(green), and midget-sub) will not affect the combination.

Night Battle Attack Types

Type	Main	Secondary	Torpedo	Notes
Cut-In			2+	Torpedo Attack
	3+			Shelling
	2	1+
	1-2		1	Combined Attack
Double Attack	2	0	0
	1	1+	0
	0	2+	0-1	Secondary Gun Double-Attack, Torpedo doesn't fire
Single Attack	Results from failing to meet equipment requirements, or other attacks random chance at failing.  Fires with gun or torpedo in highest equipment slot.
Anti-Submarine	Any enemy submarines will force Destroyers and Light Cruisers to target them.  Cut-In and Double Attacks are ignored.  In normal Night Battles, ASW damage is scratch damage only.  In battles starting at night, Formation Modifiers and Engagement Form Modifiers apply.

Cut-in Equipment Setups

NOTE: These are only a few examples.  See the above table.

NOTE: Midget subs don't count as torpedoes for this.

3 main guns		2 main guns		1 main gun
						Just 2 torpedos
		+		+
No or equipped		1 sub gun		1 torpedo		One also equippable

Double Attack Equipment Setups

NOTE: These are only a few examples.  See the above table.

1 main gun		2 main guns		2 or more sub guns
+
1 or more sub guns
No equipped		No or equipped		One also equippable

Full List

Equipment				Type
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Single Attack
				Double Attack
				Double Attack
				Cut-in (Mixed)
				Double Attack
				Single Attack
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Double Attack
				Cut-in (Mixed)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Mixed)
				Double Attack
				Double Attack
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Double Attack
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Gun)
				Cut-in (Mixed)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Double Attack
				Double Attack
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)
				Cut-in (Torpedo)

Night Battle Special Attack Modifier (Pre-Cap Modifier)

Cut-in Attack

Weapon Type	Modifier
2 torpedoes	2 consecutive attacks at 150%
1 main gun, 1 torpedo	2 consecutive attacks at 130%
3 main guns	200%
2 main guns, 1 secondary gun	175%

Cut-in chance: (0.85 * Luck + Placement Modifier + Health Modifier + Searchlight Modifier) [%]

Modifier		Value
Placement	Flagship	+30
	Other	+15
Health	Little or no damage	0
	Minor damage (小破 Syouha)	+10
	Moderate damage (中破 Chuuha)	+20
Searchlight	Allied	+5
	Enemy	-10

Double Attack

Two consecutive attacks at 120%. Almost always procs, compared to cut-ins which proc only by chance and is affected by the luck stat.

Ship's Health Modifier (Pre-Cap Modifier)

Damage	Modifier
Minor damage (小破 Syouha) or less	100%
Moderate damage (中破 Chuuha)	70%
Heavy damage (大破 Taiha)	40%

This modifier does not affect Aerial Combat.

Attack Power Cap (Applies After All Pre-Cap Modifiers)

Conditions for the attack power cap to activate: [Basic attack power x Pre-cap modifiers] exceeds 150 for day battle, 300 for night battle, and 100 for anti-sub attacks.
This is the attack power cap, and it's represented below by [math]\displaystyle{ x }[/math]:

[math]\displaystyle{ \text {Attack Power After Caps} = x + \sqrt {\text {Pre Caps Attack Power} - x} }[/math]

What we can draw from this is that during the day, firepower or torpedo stats above 146 have a high probability breaking the cap immediately and thus becoming nerfed.  However, depending on the exact engagement form and fleet formation, this will not always occur.

Critical Modifier

Attack Type	Modifier
Normal Attack	100%
Critical Hit	150%

It should be noted that the critical message always appears when damage dealt is greater than or equal to 40, regardless of whether the 150% modifier was applied or not.  On the other hand, the critical message will never appear when damage dealt is less than or equal to 14, even if the 150% modifier was applied.

Remaining Ammo Modifier

Remaining Ammunition	Modifier
5 to 10  bars	100%
4 bars	80%
3 bars	60%
2 bars	40%
1 bar	20%
0 bars	Scratch Damage

• In general, two bars of will be used in Day Battle for all ships, regardless of whether they attack or not.
• The Remaining Ammo Modifier affects the opening Aerial Combat Phase.
• When entering night battle, the Remaining Ammo Modifier on a vessel remains same as the previous day battle.  One bar of  is used for all ships in Night Battle, regardless of whether they attack or not.
• Because most battles will consume 2 bars of ammunition each, try to engage the boss before the 5th battle, or else achieving victory becomes unlikely (but not impossible).
• When attempting to defeat boss nodes, avoid night battles and whirlpools on the way.
  • While early maps' whirpools decrease your resources directly, later maps will decrease either  or  bars of your sorted fleet, which can be disadvantageous in long sorties.
• There exist cases in which ships will consume no ammuntion in battle, but these are rare and their causes are not well documented.  Most battles will consume ammuntion even if none of your ships are able to attack at all.  Please report in the comments below with the exact fleet, equipment setups, map, node, and enemy pattern if you encounter battles where no ammunition is consumed.

Victory Conditions

Perfect S

• All enemy ships sunk and no damage taken. Not obtainable in Exercises (PvP)As of the 23 April 2014 update, Perfect S is now possible in PvP.

S (Victory)

• All enemy ships sunk and no allied ships sunk.

A (Victory)

• No friendly ships sunk and required number of enemy ships sunk (see below).

B (Tactical Victory)

• Enemy flagship sunk and no allied ships sunk.
  • Sinking the enemy flagship guarantees at least a B as long as no allied ships are sunk.
• Enemy flagship sunk, friendly ship sunk and number of friendly ships sunk < number of enemy ships sunk.
• Damage gauge at least 2.5 times higher enemy damage gauge.

C (Tactical Defeat)

• Didn't clear any of the conditions for A or B, but enemy took over a certain amount of damage.
• Damage gauge higher than enemy gauge, but not reaching 2.5 times as much.
• Friendly ship sunk, damage gauge higher than enemy, but not 2.5 times as much.
• Friendly ship sunk, enemy flagship sunk and number of friendly ships sunk ≥ number of enemy ships sunk. It is possible to clear maps with boss gauges (eg. 4-4, 5-3, event maps) with a C if the enemy flagship is sunk.

D (Defeat)

• Enemy took less than a certain amount of damage.
  • Both sides taking 0 damage is also D.
• Damage gauge lower than enemy gauge.
• Friendly ship sunk, not all enemy ships sunk, and gauge lower than enemy gauge.

E (Defeat)

• Over a certain number of friendly ships sunk. (see below)
• Friendly ship sunk while not meeting any victory conditions.
• No damage done to enemy, while taking over a certain amount (Never happens in a fleet of 1).

Notes

• The Minimum Sunk Requirement:
  • 4 ships out of a fleet of 6
  • 3 ships out of a fleet of 5
  • 2 ships out of a fleet of 4
  • 2 ships out of a fleet of 3
  • 1 ship out of a fleet of 2
• Victory status affects the chance of getting drops and rare drops on the specified node.
  • B victories tend to have no drops, while Perfect S has the highest chance for rare drops.

Additional Explanation/Details

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